Read the following passage about UNESCO and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was established in 1945 with a mission to promote peace and security through international collaboration in education, science, culture, and communication. Today, it operates in more than 190 countries, focusing on diverse programs such as protecting cultural heritage, supporting quality education, and encouraging scientific research for sustainable development.

One of UNESCO’s most notable efforts is the World Heritage program, which identifies and protects cultural and natural sites of outstanding value to humanity. Famous examples include the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Egypt, and Yellowstone National Park in the United States. These sites are chosen based on their historical, cultural, or environmental significance and receive funding and expertise to ensure their preservation for future generations.

UNESCO also plays a key role in advancing education worldwide. Through initiatives like Education for All and the Global Education Monitoring Report, the organization aims to improve literacy rates, promote gender equality in schools, and provide access to quality education for disadvantaged groups. Additionally, UNESCO’s work in science includes supporting research into climate change, water resources, and disaster preparedness.

Despite its achievements, UNESCO faces criticism and challenges. Limited funding often restricts the scope of its programs, and political disagreements among member states can hinder decision-making. However, its efforts to build bridges between nations and address global issues remain essential in an increasingly interconnected world.

The word "initiatives" in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by _______.