Read the following passage about ecotourism and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 32 to 40.

[I] Ecotourism, a form of sustainable travel that prioritizes environmental conservation and cultural awareness, has become increasingly popular over the years as more people seek meaningful travel experiences. [II] Its appeal lies in its dual promise of adventure and responsible travel, making it an attractive option for environmentally conscious travelers. [III] However, it’s not all sunshine and rainbows. While it offers significant benefits, including boosting the local economy and promoting conservation efforts, challenges like mismanagement, cultural exploitation, and the potential for environmental degradation persist, underscoring the complexity of balancing tourism with sustainability. [IV]

One of the primary advantages of ecotourism is its potential to foster environmental conservation. By attracting visitors to protected areas, it generates much-needed funds for wildlife preservation and ecosystem management efforts. Furthermore, local communities often play a crucial role in the success of ecotourism. Acting as guides, educators, and stewards, they share their knowledge of local flora and fauna, strengthening the bond between humans and nature. However, without proper guidelines and monitoring systems, over-tourism can occur, leading to unintended consequences such as habitat destruction, pollution, and wildlife disturbances that undermine conservation efforts.

Another significant benefit of ecotourism is the opportunity to educate travelers about cultural and ecological values. Visitors gain unique insights into indigenous traditions and practices, fostering mutual respect and understanding. These cultural exchanges can empower local communities and encourage the preservation of their heritage. However, as the saying goes, “The road to hell is paved with good intentions.” In many cases, excessive commercialization of cultural practices for entertainment purposes risks diluting their authenticity and reducing them to mere performances for tourist consumption. This exploitation not only diminishes the cultural value but also alienates the communities whose heritage is being commodified.

For ecotourism to truly succeed, all stakeholders—tourists, businesses, and local communities—must strike a delicate balance between profit-making and preservation. Clear policies, robust community involvement, and responsible travel behavior are essential components of sustainable ecotourism practices. By emphasizing these principles, negative impacts can be minimized, allowing ecotourism to achieve its true purpose. Ultimately, ecotourism is more than a journey to breathtaking destinations; it represents a shared responsibility to protect and cherish our planet while experiencing its wonders in meaningful ways.

The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to _______.